Addressing gender-based violence is a critical aspect of women’s Empowerment. Sri Lanka needs to strengthen measures to prevent and respond to violence against women, including domestic violence, sexual harassment, and harmful traditional practices. This involves raising awareness, providing support services for survivors, and ensuring the effective implementation of laws and policies.
According to the Sri Lanka Household Income and Expenditure Survey (HIES) 2016/17, approximately 23% of households in Sri Lanka were headed by women. This indicates a significant proportion of households where women are the primary decision-makers and breadwinners.
Women-headed households are more prevalent in certain regions of Sri Lanka, particularly in the Northern and Eastern provinces, where the impact of the civil war has resulted in a higher number of female-headed households.
The war led to the displacement of hundreds of thousands of people, with many women and children being particularly affected. Women faced challenges related to the loss of homes, livelihoods, and separation from family members. They often had to take on new roles as heads of households and caregivers.
Women who lived in conflict zones were affected by human rights violations, including sexual violence, abduction, forced recruitment, and torture. The conflict disrupted livelihoods, agriculture, and infrastructure, resulting in economic hardships for women. Many women became widows or had family members missing or disabled, making it difficult to sustain their households. The lack of economic opportunities further exacerbated their vulnerability.
Empowering women will create economic growth in their village, political stability, social transformation and empower women leadership.
Women’s adult literacy is lower than men, and women’s unemployment rate is higher than men. For the last three decades, this was the case, indicating that while women have access to education, not able to translate into equal employment later in life. This is an issue that needs to be addressed by the government and the local NGOs to ensure that access to education and jobs benefits in the long run.